Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
The
purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of individual risk
factors for metabolic syndrome as well as the prevalence of metabolic
syndrome in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
(NHANES) 2003-2006.
METHODS:
The
analytic sample consisted of 3,423 adults, 20 years of age and over,
from NHANES 2003-2006. The National Cholesterol Education Program's
Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) guidelines were used to
identify adults who met their criteria for metabolic syndrome.
Prevalence estimates were calculated for each risk factor for metabolic
syndrome in addition to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Prevalence
estimates and odds ratios were analyzed by sex and by age group, race
and ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI) stratified by sex.
RESULTS:
Approximately
34% of adults met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. Males and
females 40-59 years of age were about three times as likely as those
20-39 years of age to meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome. Males 60
years of age and over were more than four times as likely and females
60 years of age and over were more than six times as likely as the
youngest age group to meet the criteria. Non-Hispanic black males were
about one-half as likely as non-Hispanic white males to meet the
criteria for metabolic syndrome, while non-Hispanic black and
Mexican-American females were about 1.5 times as likely as non-Hispanic
white females to meet the criteria. Overweight males were about six
times as likely and obese males were about 32 times as likely as normal
weight males to meet the criteria. Overweight females were more than
five times as likely and obese females were more than 17 times as likely
as normal weight females to meet the criteria.
CONCLUSIONS:
These
results demonstrate that metabolic syndrome is prevalent and that it
increases with age and with BMI. The prevalence varied by race and
ethnicity but the pattern was different for males and females.
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